特朗普谈“统一”引起台湾的严重恐慌

今年4月份,当美国对中国商品的关税增加到145%时,很多人认为特朗普的目的是和中国彻底“脱钩”,但贝森特却说特朗普并不寻求“脱钩”。现在,当美国对中国商品的关税下降到只剩下30%(90天内),贝森特却说美国在“战略必需品”方面必须和中国脱钩。
这或许说明特朗普所寻求的是“选择性脱钩”,即在“非战略必需品”范围内,不仅不寻求“脱钩”,甚至还希望大做生意,尤其是希望中国开放市场,使美国商品大量涌入中国。
这可能吗?
首先,所谓“战略必需品”的范围很广泛,例如在新冠病毒“大流行”期间,美国发现对中国医药商品有很大的依赖性,事实上这种依赖性高达30%,美国因此将医药类商品的供应也定义为国家安全的重要组成部分。特朗普希望美国人所用的医药类商品必须在美国本土生产,这就不得不在此类商品的范围内和中国“脱钩”。
在“经济安全即国家安全”的观念下,如果滥用“国家安全”的定义,尤其是把中国纳入“敌对方”,那么供应链中任何对中国的依赖,例如智能手机等电子产品,都有可能被圈入“战略必需品”的范围。
其次,你要求人家开放市场,自己也必须对人家开放市场,那就不可避免的出现贸易逆差,因为美国可供中国购买的商品很有限,主要是天然气和玉米等能源和农业产品,而中国也要考虑经济安全,不可能完全依赖美国的供应,更何况中国所需要的高科技商品,美国又拒绝供应。
美国对中国的服务类贸易处于顺差地位,但此类贸易顺差毕竟很有限,不可能抵消美国对中国的巨大贸易逆差。
笔者认为,美国要和中国保持平衡的贸易关系,也许只有一种可能,即放弃对台湾销售武器。如果美国肯这么做,中国或许愿意做一些赔钱的买卖,增加对美国商品的购买,以此来作为交换条件。
还有一种可能,即美军退出西太平洋,尤其是退出中国南海。
特朗普是个商人,对他来说,金钱的地位高于一切,他完全有可能出卖台湾,用地缘政治和中国做交易。
5月12日,美国总统特朗普在华盛顿特区白宫罗斯福厅举行的新闻发布会上发表讲话。把台湾和贸易联系在一起,引起台湾方面的严重恐慌。
特朗普说:“他们同意开放中国,全面开放中国,我认为这对中国来说将是一件好事,对我们来说将是一件好事,对统一与和平来说也将是一件好事。” 他没有提到台湾,但是提到“统一”,大家都知道他在说什么。
当下,美国对台湾也有很强的依赖性,因为台湾供应美国90%以上的尖端芯片。美国也需要摆脱对台湾的依赖。
尖端芯片无疑是“战略必需品”,美国也在寻求和台湾的“脱钩”,办法是要求台湾在美国设厂,尤其是美国国防所需的军用芯片必须在美国设厂,而台湾的台积电也的确在美国进行巨额投资,芯片代工厂一个接一个的开张。
但是,台湾也担心美国一旦在芯片方面达到“独立”和“自给”,台湾也就丧失了“芯片王国”的地位,随时可能被美国所抛弃,因此必须继续把最尖端芯片的研发和生产保留在台湾。
台湾留得住东西却未必留得住人才,而人才远比东西重要。随着台积电在美国投资开厂,台湾也在向美国输送芯片人才和技术。
《纽约时报》报导,两年前,台积电第一批员工抵达凤凰城北部,开始在晶圆厂工作时,当地几乎没有亚洲食品店或台湾餐厅,不过自那时以来,这些员工和他们的家眷已经把一个以白人为主的郊区商业街一角变成了“小台北”。当地托儿所和各级学校都听得到有人讲中文,今年有282名台湾学生入学。

US says Trump’s ‘unification’ comment was about US-China trade
By Reuters, May 13, 202511:53 AM
TAIPEI, May 13 (Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump’s comment on “unification” was about the U.S.-China trade relationship and U.S. policy toward Taiwan has not changed, the de facto U.S. embassy on the island said on Tuesday, after the wording caused unease in Taipei.
China claims democratically governed Taiwan as its own territory and has vowed to “reunify” with the island, by force if necessary. Taiwan’s government rejects Beijing’s sovereignty claims, saying only the island’s people can decide their future.
Washington and Beijing agreed on Monday to slash steep tariffs for at least 90 days, pausing their trade war, a move Trump praised when speaking to reporters at the White House.
“They’ve agreed to open China, fully open China, and I think it’s going to be fantastic for China, I think it’s going to be fantastic for us, and I think it’s going to be great for unification and peace,” he said, without mentioning Taiwan.
The American Institute in Taiwan, which operates as a de facto embassy in the absence of formal diplomatic ties, said in a statement that Trump was speaking about U.S.-China trade.
“It’s clear President Trump was speaking in the context of the U.S.-China trade relationship,” a spokesperson said. “U.S. policy on Taiwan remains the same, and the U.S. approach to Taiwan has remained consistent across decades and administrations.”
A White House National Security Council spokesperson reiterated that Trump “was clearly referring to U.S.-China trade relations”.
Taiwan’s presidential office, in a separate statement, noted the U.S. comment that Trump was referring to trade talks with China and not Taiwan.
“The U.S. commitment to Taiwan remains strong and unchanged,” spokesperson Karen Kuo said, adding that Taiwan’s understanding was that the U.S.-China trade talks did not touch on Taiwan-related issues.
Trump’s remarks created concern in some government and diplomatic circles in Taiwan about whether U.S. policy towards the island had changed, seven sources told Reuters.
“Is he going to change the status quo, accepting the annexation of Taiwan?” one of the sources said, a senior official who declined to be identified due to the sensitivity of the matter.
The U.S. government only officially recognises the government in Beijing, and does not take a position on Taiwan’s sovereignty, only acknowledging China’s position on the subject under Washington’s long-standing “one China policy”.
Washington is bound by law to provide Taiwan with the means to defend itself, and has repeatedly expressed condemnation of stepped up Chinese military activities, including the latest round of war games in April.
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